diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index c45c3cd..24a8508 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -267,6 +267,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "clap",
  "ed2k",
  "indicatif",
+ "libc",
  "md-5",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 9d7fcf4..70884b2 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "l-s"
-version = "0.5.1"
+version = "0.5.2"
 authors = ["licsber <admin@licsber.site>"]
 edition = "2021"
 
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ anyhow = "1.0"
 clap = { version = "4.5", features = ["derive"] }
 ed2k = "1.0.1"
 indicatif = "0.18"
+libc = "0.2"
 md-5 = "0.10"
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = "1.0"
diff --git a/src/cli.rs b/src/cli.rs
index 5966967..b2f6f05 100644
--- a/src/cli.rs
+++ b/src/cli.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::{env, fs};
 
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use anyhow::{anyhow, Context, Result};
 use clap::Parser;
 
 /// 负责解析命令行参数
@@ -20,7 +20,20 @@ impl Cli {
             None => env::current_dir().context("无法获取当前工作目录")?,
         };
 
-        fs::canonicalize(&candidate)
-            .with_context(|| format!("无法解析路径: {}", candidate.display()))
+        let path = if candidate.is_absolute() {
+            candidate
+        } else {
+            env::current_dir()
+                .context("无法获取当前工作目录")?
+                .join(candidate)
+        };
+
+        let info = fs::symlink_metadata(&path)
+            .with_context(|| format!("无法读取路径信息: {}", path.display()))?;
+        if info.file_type().is_symlink() {
+            return Err(anyhow!("不支持扫描符号链接: {}", path.display()));
+        }
+
+        Ok(path)
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
index 0c1186a..26203e8 100644
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -5,13 +5,16 @@ mod meta;
 mod utils;
 
 use std::fs::{self, File, OpenOptions};
-use std::io::Write;
+use std::io::{self, Write};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::time::{Instant, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
 
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use anyhow::{anyhow, Context, Result};
 use clap::Parser;
-use meta::{calc_xxh128_with_callback, scan_dir_xxh128, DirSnapshot, FileMeta, ProgressTracker};
+use meta::{
+    calc_xxh128_from_file_with_callback, open_regular_file_nofollow, scan_dir_xxh128, DirSnapshot,
+    FileMeta, ProgressTracker,
+};
 
 fn main() -> Result<()> {
     let started = Instant::now();
@@ -19,10 +22,14 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
     let target = cli.resolve_path()?;
     println!("目标: {}", target.display());
 
-    if target.is_dir() {
+    let target_info = fs::symlink_metadata(&target)
+        .with_context(|| format!("无法读取路径信息: {}", target.display()))?;
+    if target_info.is_dir() {
         process_dir(&target)?;
-    } else {
+    } else if target_info.is_file() {
         process_file(&target)?;
+    } else {
+        return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是文件或目录", target.display()));
     }
 
     println!("耗时: {:?}", started.elapsed());
@@ -35,8 +42,19 @@ fn process_file(path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
         .map(Path::to_path_buf)
         .unwrap_or_else(|| PathBuf::from("."))
         .join("meta");
-    fs::create_dir_all(&meta_dir)
-        .with_context(|| format!("无法创建目录: {}", meta_dir.display()))?;
+    match symlink_metadata_optional(&meta_dir)? {
+        Some(info) if info.file_type().is_symlink() => {
+            return Err(anyhow!("不支持符号链接目录: {}", meta_dir.display()));
+        }
+        Some(info) if !info.is_dir() => {
+            return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是目录", meta_dir.display()));
+        }
+        Some(_) => {}
+        None => {
+            fs::create_dir_all(&meta_dir)
+                .with_context(|| format!("无法创建目录: {}", meta_dir.display()))?;
+        }
+    }
 
     let basename = path
         .file_name()
@@ -44,32 +62,45 @@ fn process_file(path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
         .unwrap_or_else(|| "unknown".to_string());
     let save_path = meta_dir.join(format!("{basename}.json"));
 
-    // 获取文件大小
-    let file_size = fs::metadata(path)
-        .with_context(|| format!("无法读取文件信息: {}", path.display()))?
-        .len();
-
-    if !save_path.exists() {
+    let existing_save = symlink_metadata_optional(&save_path)?;
+    if existing_save.is_none() {
+        let file = open_regular_file_nofollow(path)?;
+        let file_size = file
+            .metadata()
+            .with_context(|| format!("无法读取文件信息: {}", path.display()))?
+            .len();
         let tracker = ProgressTracker::new_single_file(file_size, &basename);
         let on_bytes = tracker.bytes_callback();
         let on_iop = tracker.iop_callback();
-        let meta = FileMeta::from_path_with_callback(path, on_bytes, on_iop)?;
+        let meta = FileMeta::from_open_file_with_callback(path, file, on_bytes, on_iop)?;
         tracker.finish("处理完成");
         let json = meta.to_pretty_json()?;
         println!("{}", json);
         write_atomic(&save_path, &json)?;
         return Ok(());
     }
+    let save_info = existing_save.expect("checked as Some");
+    if save_info.file_type().is_symlink() {
+        return Err(anyhow!("不支持符号链接元数据文件: {}", save_path.display()));
+    }
+    if !save_info.is_file() {
+        return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是文件", save_path.display()));
+    }
 
-    let existing = File::open(&save_path)
+    let existing = open_regular_file_nofollow(&save_path)
         .with_context(|| format!("无法读取历史元数据: {}", save_path.display()))?;
     let old_meta = FileMeta::from_reader(existing)?;
 
     // 使用进度条计算快速哈希
+    let file = open_regular_file_nofollow(path)?;
+    let file_size = file
+        .metadata()
+        .with_context(|| format!("无法读取文件信息: {}", path.display()))?
+        .len();
     let tracker = ProgressTracker::new_single_file(file_size, &basename);
     let on_bytes = tracker.bytes_callback();
     let on_iop = tracker.iop_callback();
-    let fast_hash = calc_xxh128_with_callback(path, on_bytes, on_iop)?;
+    let fast_hash = calc_xxh128_from_file_with_callback(path, file, on_bytes, on_iop)?;
     tracker.finish("校验完成");
 
     if fast_hash == old_meta.xxh128 {
@@ -79,10 +110,15 @@ fn process_file(path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
 
     println!("校验失败!");
     println!("现校验文件:");
+    let file = open_regular_file_nofollow(path)?;
+    let file_size = file
+        .metadata()
+        .with_context(|| format!("无法读取文件信息: {}", path.display()))?
+        .len();
     let tracker = ProgressTracker::new_single_file(file_size, &basename);
     let on_bytes = tracker.bytes_callback();
     let on_iop = tracker.iop_callback();
-    let meta = FileMeta::from_path_with_callback(path, on_bytes, on_iop)?;
+    let meta = FileMeta::from_open_file_with_callback(path, file, on_bytes, on_iop)?;
     tracker.finish("处理完成");
     println!("{}", meta.to_pretty_json()?);
     println!("原校验文件:");
@@ -95,23 +131,30 @@ fn process_dir(path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
     let meta_path = path.join("meta.json");
     let backup_path = path.join("meta-old.json");
 
-    if !meta_path.exists() {
+    let Some(meta_info) = symlink_metadata_optional(&meta_path)? else {
         let snapshot = DirSnapshot::build_root(path)?;
         let json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&snapshot)?;
         write_atomic(&meta_path, &json)?;
         return Ok(());
+    };
+    if meta_info.file_type().is_symlink() {
+        return Err(anyhow!("不支持符号链接元数据文件: {}", meta_path.display()));
+    }
+    if !meta_info.is_file() {
+        return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是文件", meta_path.display()));
     }
 
-    if backup_path.exists() {
+    if symlink_metadata_optional(&backup_path)?.is_some() {
         fs::remove_file(&backup_path)?;
     }
 
     fs::rename(&meta_path, &backup_path)
         .with_context(|| format!("无法重命名旧meta: {}", meta_path.display()))?;
+    sync_parent_dir(&backup_path)?;
     println!("发现旧元数据，已暂存为 meta-old.json，开始校验...");
 
-    let meta_file =
-        File::open(&backup_path).with_context(|| format!("无法读取: {}", backup_path.display()))?;
+    let meta_file = open_regular_file_nofollow(&backup_path)
+        .with_context(|| format!("无法读取: {}", backup_path.display()))?;
     let snapshot = DirSnapshot::from_reader(meta_file)?;
     let mut stored = snapshot.collect_file_map(path);
     let current = scan_dir_xxh128(path)?;
@@ -145,6 +188,7 @@ fn process_dir(path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
         println!("校验通过.");
         fs::rename(&backup_path, &meta_path)
             .with_context(|| format!("无法恢复meta: {}", meta_path.display()))?;
+        sync_parent_dir(&meta_path)?;
     }
 
     Ok(())
@@ -180,6 +224,7 @@ fn write_atomic(path: &Path, contents: &str) -> Result<()> {
                 path.display()
             )
         })?;
+        sync_parent_dir(path)?;
         Ok(())
     })();
 
@@ -189,3 +234,19 @@ fn write_atomic(path: &Path, contents: &str) -> Result<()> {
 
     result
 }
+
+fn symlink_metadata_optional(path: &Path) -> Result<Option<fs::Metadata>> {
+    match fs::symlink_metadata(path) {
+        Ok(info) => Ok(Some(info)),
+        Err(err) if err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(None),
+        Err(err) => Err(err).with_context(|| format!("无法读取路径信息: {}", path.display())),
+    }
+}
+
+fn sync_parent_dir(path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+    let parent = path.parent().unwrap_or_else(|| Path::new("."));
+    let dir = File::open(parent)
+        .with_context(|| format!("无法打开父目录以同步: {}", parent.display()))?;
+    dir.sync_all()
+        .with_context(|| format!("无法同步父目录: {}", parent.display()))
+}
diff --git a/src/meta/file.rs b/src/meta/file.rs
index 2ca19ed..6eb41f3 100644
--- a/src/meta/file.rs
+++ b/src/meta/file.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::fs::{self, File};
+use std::fs::{File, OpenOptions};
 use std::io::Read;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
@@ -16,6 +16,11 @@ use crate::constants::{DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE, HEAD_115_BYTES, HEAD_BAIDU_BYTES};
 use crate::head_hash::{calc_head_115, calc_head_baidu, HeadChunk};
 use crate::utils::{basename, friendly_size, hex_upper};
 
+#[cfg(not(unix))]
+use std::fs;
+#[cfg(unix)]
+use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct FileMeta {
     pub basename: String,
@@ -32,8 +37,23 @@ pub struct FileMeta {
 }
 
 impl FileMeta {
+    #[cfg(not(unix))]
     pub fn from_path_with_callback<F1, F2>(
         path: &Path,
+        on_bytes_read: F1,
+        on_iop: F2,
+    ) -> Result<Self>
+    where
+        F1: FnMut(u64),
+        F2: FnMut(),
+    {
+        let file = open_regular_file_nofollow(path)?;
+        Self::from_open_file_with_callback(path, file, on_bytes_read, on_iop)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn from_open_file_with_callback<F1, F2>(
+        path: &Path,
+        mut file: File,
         mut on_bytes_read: F1,
         mut on_iop: F2,
     ) -> Result<Self>
@@ -41,8 +61,9 @@ impl FileMeta {
         F1: FnMut(u64),
         F2: FnMut(),
     {
-        let info =
-            fs::metadata(path).with_context(|| format!("无法读取文件信息: {}", path.display()))?;
+        let info = file
+            .metadata()
+            .with_context(|| format!("无法读取文件信息: {}", path.display()))?;
         if !info.is_file() {
             return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是文件", path.display()));
         }
@@ -60,9 +81,6 @@ impl FileMeta {
             .map(|d| d.as_secs() as i64)
             .unwrap_or(0);
 
-        let mut file =
-            File::open(path).with_context(|| format!("无法打开文件: {}", path.display()))?;
-
         let mut buffer = vec![0u8; DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
         let mut md5_hasher = Md5::new();
         let mut sha1_hasher = Sha1::new();
@@ -124,8 +142,23 @@ impl FileMeta {
     }
 }
 
+#[cfg(not(unix))]
 pub fn calc_xxh128_with_callback<F1, F2>(
     path: &Path,
+    on_bytes_read: F1,
+    on_iop: F2,
+) -> Result<String>
+where
+    F1: FnMut(u64),
+    F2: FnMut(),
+{
+    let file = open_regular_file_nofollow(path)?;
+    calc_xxh128_from_file_with_callback(path, file, on_bytes_read, on_iop)
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn calc_xxh128_from_file_with_callback<F1, F2>(
+    path: &Path,
+    mut file: File,
     mut on_bytes_read: F1,
     mut on_iop: F2,
 ) -> Result<String>
@@ -133,7 +166,13 @@ where
     F1: FnMut(u64),
     F2: FnMut(),
 {
-    let mut file = File::open(path).with_context(|| format!("无法打开文件: {}", path.display()))?;
+    let info = file
+        .metadata()
+        .with_context(|| format!("无法读取文件信息: {}", path.display()))?;
+    if !info.is_file() {
+        return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是文件", path.display()));
+    }
+
     let mut buffer = vec![0u8; DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
     let mut hasher = Xxh3::new();
 
@@ -149,3 +188,34 @@ where
 
     Ok(hex_upper(hasher.digest128().to_be_bytes()))
 }
+
+pub(crate) fn open_regular_file_nofollow(path: &Path) -> Result<File> {
+    let file = open_file_nofollow(path)?;
+    let info = file
+        .metadata()
+        .with_context(|| format!("无法读取文件信息: {}", path.display()))?;
+    if !info.is_file() {
+        return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是文件", path.display()));
+    }
+    Ok(file)
+}
+
+#[cfg(unix)]
+fn open_file_nofollow(path: &Path) -> Result<File> {
+    let mut options = OpenOptions::new();
+    options.read(true);
+    options.custom_flags(libc::O_CLOEXEC | libc::O_NOFOLLOW);
+    options
+        .open(path)
+        .with_context(|| format!("无法打开文件: {}", path.display()))
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(unix))]
+fn open_file_nofollow(path: &Path) -> Result<File> {
+    let info = fs::symlink_metadata(path)
+        .with_context(|| format!("无法读取文件信息: {}", path.display()))?;
+    if info.file_type().is_symlink() {
+        return Err(anyhow!("不支持扫描符号链接: {}", path.display()));
+    }
+    File::open(path).with_context(|| format!("无法打开文件: {}", path.display()))
+}
diff --git a/src/meta/mod.rs b/src/meta/mod.rs
index 1fccf93..25629f3 100644
--- a/src/meta/mod.rs
+++ b/src/meta/mod.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ mod file;
 mod progress;
 mod tree;
 
-pub use file::{calc_xxh128_with_callback, FileMeta};
+pub use file::FileMeta;
+pub(crate) use file::{calc_xxh128_from_file_with_callback, open_regular_file_nofollow};
 pub use progress::ProgressTracker;
 pub use tree::{scan_dir_xxh128, DirSnapshot};
diff --git a/src/meta/tree.rs b/src/meta/tree.rs
index a9afb68..350854f 100644
--- a/src/meta/tree.rs
+++ b/src/meta/tree.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,26 @@
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
-use std::fs;
-use std::fs::File;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context, Result};
+use anyhow::Result;
+#[cfg(not(unix))]
+use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
-use super::file::{calc_xxh128_with_callback, FileMeta};
+#[cfg(unix)]
+use super::file::calc_xxh128_from_file_with_callback;
+#[cfg(not(unix))]
+use super::file::calc_xxh128_with_callback;
+use super::file::FileMeta;
 use super::progress::ProgressTracker;
 use crate::constants::META_VERSION;
+#[cfg(not(unix))]
 use crate::utils::{basename, should_skip_dir, should_skip_file};
 
+#[cfg(not(unix))]
+use std::fs;
+#[cfg(not(unix))]
+use std::fs::File;
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct DirSnapshot {
     pub dir_name: String,
@@ -37,6 +47,12 @@ impl DirSnapshot {
         Ok(serde_json::from_reader(reader)?)
     }
 
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    fn build_node(path: &Path, tracker: &ProgressTracker) -> Result<Self> {
+        unix_walk::build_node(path, tracker)
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(unix))]
     fn build_node(path: &Path, tracker: &ProgressTracker) -> Result<Self> {
         let dir_name = path
             .file_name()
@@ -120,6 +136,7 @@ impl DirSnapshot {
 
     /// 加载子目录的 meta.json 并通过 xxh128 快速校验。
     /// 校验通过则返回已有的 DirSnapshot，否则返回 Err 终止流程。
+    #[cfg(not(unix))]
     fn verify_and_load(path: &Path, tracker: &ProgressTracker) -> Result<Self> {
         let meta_path = path.join("meta.json");
         let meta_file =
@@ -181,11 +198,20 @@ pub fn scan_dir_xxh128(path: &Path) -> Result<BTreeMap<PathBuf, String>> {
 }
 
 fn count_files(path: &Path) -> Result<u64> {
-    let mut count = 0u64;
-    count_files_recursive(path, &mut count)?;
-    Ok(count)
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    {
+        unix_walk::count_files(path)
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(unix))]
+    {
+        let mut count = 0u64;
+        count_files_recursive(path, &mut count)?;
+        Ok(count)
+    }
 }
 
+#[cfg(not(unix))]
 fn count_files_recursive(path: &Path, count: &mut u64) -> Result<()> {
     let entries = fs::read_dir(path)
         .with_context(|| format!("无法遍历目录: {}", path.display()))?
@@ -209,10 +235,8 @@ fn count_files_recursive(path: &Path, count: &mut u64) -> Result<()> {
                 continue;
             }
             count_files_recursive(&full_path, count)?;
-        } else {
-            if !should_skip_file(&name) {
-                *count += 1;
-            }
+        } else if !should_skip_file(&name) {
+            *count += 1;
         }
     }
 
@@ -224,46 +248,488 @@ fn walk_dir_with_progress(
     map: &mut BTreeMap<PathBuf, String>,
     tracker: &ProgressTracker,
 ) -> Result<()> {
-    let mut entries = fs::read_dir(path)
-        .with_context(|| format!("无法遍历目录: {}", path.display()))?
-        .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
-        .with_context(|| format!("读取目录失败: {}", path.display()))?;
-    entries.sort_unstable_by_key(|e| e.file_name());
-
-    for entry in entries {
-        let file_name = entry.file_name();
-        let name = file_name.to_string_lossy().to_string();
-        let full_path = entry.path();
-        let file_type = entry
-            .file_type()
-            .with_context(|| format!("无法读取类型: {}", full_path.display()))?;
-
-        if file_type.is_symlink() {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        if file_type.is_dir() {
-            if should_skip_dir(&name) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            walk_dir_with_progress(&full_path, map, tracker)?;
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        if should_skip_file(&name) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        // 获取文件大小并开始跟踪
-        let file_size = entry.metadata().map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);
-        tracker.start_file(file_size, &name);
-
-        let on_bytes = tracker.bytes_callback();
-        let on_iop = tracker.iop_callback();
-        let hash = calc_xxh128_with_callback(&full_path, on_bytes, on_iop)?;
-        map.insert(full_path, hash);
-        tracker.finish_file();
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    {
+        unix_walk::walk_dir_with_progress(path, map, tracker)
     }
 
-    Ok(())
+    #[cfg(not(unix))]
+    {
+        let mut entries = fs::read_dir(path)
+            .with_context(|| format!("无法遍历目录: {}", path.display()))?
+            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
+            .with_context(|| format!("读取目录失败: {}", path.display()))?;
+        entries.sort_unstable_by_key(|e| e.file_name());
+
+        for entry in entries {
+            let file_name = entry.file_name();
+            let name = file_name.to_string_lossy().to_string();
+            let full_path = entry.path();
+            let file_type = entry
+                .file_type()
+                .with_context(|| format!("无法读取类型: {}", full_path.display()))?;
+
+            if file_type.is_symlink() {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if file_type.is_dir() {
+                if should_skip_dir(&name) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                walk_dir_with_progress(&full_path, map, tracker)?;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if should_skip_file(&name) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // 获取文件大小并开始跟踪
+            let file_size = entry.metadata().map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);
+            tracker.start_file(file_size, &name);
+
+            let on_bytes = tracker.bytes_callback();
+            let on_iop = tracker.iop_callback();
+            let hash = calc_xxh128_with_callback(&full_path, on_bytes, on_iop)?;
+            map.insert(full_path, hash);
+            tracker.finish_file();
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(unix)]
+mod unix_walk {
+    use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+    use std::ffi::{CStr, CString, OsStr, OsString};
+    use std::fs::File;
+    use std::io;
+    use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
+    use std::os::fd::{AsRawFd, FromRawFd, RawFd};
+    use std::os::unix::ffi::{OsStrExt, OsStringExt};
+    use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+    use anyhow::{anyhow, Context, Result};
+
+    use super::{calc_xxh128_from_file_with_callback, DirSnapshot, FileMeta, ProgressTracker};
+    use crate::utils::{basename, should_skip_dir, should_skip_file};
+
+    struct DirHandle {
+        file: File,
+    }
+
+    struct DirEntryInfo {
+        name: OsString,
+        stat: libc::stat,
+    }
+
+    enum EntryKind {
+        Directory,
+        RegularFile,
+        Symlink,
+        Other,
+    }
+
+    impl DirHandle {
+        fn open_path(path: &Path) -> Result<Self> {
+            let c_path = cstring_from_path(path)?;
+            let fd = unsafe { libc::open(c_path.as_ptr(), dir_open_flags()) };
+            if fd == -1 {
+                return Err(io::Error::last_os_error())
+                    .with_context(|| format!("无法打开目录: {}", path.display()));
+            }
+
+            Ok(Self {
+                file: unsafe { File::from_raw_fd(fd) },
+            })
+        }
+
+        fn raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
+            self.file.as_raw_fd()
+        }
+
+        fn entries(&self, path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<DirEntryInfo>> {
+            let dup_fd = unsafe { libc::dup(self.raw_fd()) };
+            if dup_fd == -1 {
+                return Err(io::Error::last_os_error())
+                    .with_context(|| format!("无法遍历目录: {}", path.display()));
+            }
+
+            let dir = unsafe { libc::fdopendir(dup_fd) };
+            if dir.is_null() {
+                let err = io::Error::last_os_error();
+                unsafe {
+                    libc::close(dup_fd);
+                }
+                return Err(err).with_context(|| format!("无法遍历目录: {}", path.display()));
+            }
+
+            let _stream = DirStream(dir);
+            let mut entries = Vec::new();
+            loop {
+                let entry = unsafe { libc::readdir(dir) };
+                if entry.is_null() {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                let name_bytes = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr((*entry).d_name.as_ptr()) }.to_bytes();
+                if name_bytes == b"." || name_bytes == b".." {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                let name = OsString::from_vec(name_bytes.to_vec());
+                let full_path = path.join(&name);
+                if let Some(stat) = self.stat_child(&name, &full_path)? {
+                    entries.push(DirEntryInfo { name, stat });
+                }
+            }
+
+            entries.sort_unstable_by(|left, right| left.name.cmp(&right.name));
+            Ok(entries)
+        }
+
+        fn stat_child(&self, name: &OsStr, path: &Path) -> Result<Option<libc::stat>> {
+            let c_name = cstring_from_os_str(name, path)?;
+            let mut stat = MaybeUninit::<libc::stat>::uninit();
+            let code = unsafe {
+                libc::fstatat(
+                    self.raw_fd(),
+                    c_name.as_ptr(),
+                    stat.as_mut_ptr(),
+                    libc::AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW,
+                )
+            };
+
+            if code == -1 {
+                let err = io::Error::last_os_error();
+                if err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound {
+                    return Ok(None);
+                }
+                return Err(err).with_context(|| format!("无法读取类型: {}", path.display()));
+            }
+
+            Ok(Some(unsafe { stat.assume_init() }))
+        }
+
+        fn has_regular_child(&self, name: &OsStr, path: &Path) -> Result<bool> {
+            Ok(matches!(
+                self.stat_child(name, path)?
+                    .map(|stat| kind_from_mode(stat.st_mode)),
+                Some(EntryKind::RegularFile)
+            ))
+        }
+
+        fn open_child_dir(&self, entry: &DirEntryInfo, path: &Path) -> Result<Self> {
+            let c_name = cstring_from_os_str(&entry.name, path)?;
+            let fd = unsafe { libc::openat(self.raw_fd(), c_name.as_ptr(), dir_open_flags()) };
+            if fd == -1 {
+                return Err(io::Error::last_os_error())
+                    .with_context(|| format!("无法打开目录: {}", path.display()));
+            }
+
+            let file = unsafe { File::from_raw_fd(fd) };
+            let info = file
+                .metadata()
+                .with_context(|| format!("无法读取目录信息: {}", path.display()))?;
+            if !stat_matches(&info, &entry.stat) {
+                return Err(anyhow!("扫描期间目录被替换: {}", path.display()));
+            }
+
+            Ok(Self { file })
+        }
+
+        fn open_child_file(&self, entry: &DirEntryInfo, path: &Path) -> Result<File> {
+            let c_name = cstring_from_os_str(&entry.name, path)?;
+            let fd = unsafe { libc::openat(self.raw_fd(), c_name.as_ptr(), file_open_flags()) };
+            if fd == -1 {
+                return Err(io::Error::last_os_error())
+                    .with_context(|| format!("无法打开文件: {}", path.display()));
+            }
+
+            let file = unsafe { File::from_raw_fd(fd) };
+            let info = file
+                .metadata()
+                .with_context(|| format!("无法读取文件信息: {}", path.display()))?;
+            if !info.is_file() {
+                return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是文件", path.display()));
+            }
+            if !stat_matches(&info, &entry.stat) {
+                return Err(anyhow!("扫描期间文件被替换: {}", path.display()));
+            }
+
+            Ok(file)
+        }
+    }
+
+    struct DirStream(*mut libc::DIR);
+
+    impl Drop for DirStream {
+        fn drop(&mut self) {
+            unsafe {
+                libc::closedir(self.0);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn build_node(path: &Path, tracker: &ProgressTracker) -> Result<DirSnapshot> {
+        let dir = DirHandle::open_path(path)?;
+        build_node_at(path, &dir, tracker)
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn count_files(path: &Path) -> Result<u64> {
+        let dir = DirHandle::open_path(path)?;
+        let mut count = 0u64;
+        count_files_at(path, &dir, &mut count)?;
+        Ok(count)
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn walk_dir_with_progress(
+        path: &Path,
+        map: &mut BTreeMap<PathBuf, String>,
+        tracker: &ProgressTracker,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        let dir = DirHandle::open_path(path)?;
+        walk_dir_with_progress_at(path, &dir, map, tracker)
+    }
+
+    fn build_node_at(
+        path: &Path,
+        dir: &DirHandle,
+        tracker: &ProgressTracker,
+    ) -> Result<DirSnapshot> {
+        let dir_name = path
+            .file_name()
+            .map(basename)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| path.to_string_lossy().to_string());
+
+        let mut dirs = Vec::new();
+        let mut files = Vec::new();
+
+        for entry in dir.entries(path)? {
+            let name = entry.name.to_string_lossy().to_string();
+            let full_path = path.join(&entry.name);
+
+            match kind_from_mode(entry.stat.st_mode) {
+                EntryKind::Symlink => continue,
+                EntryKind::Directory => {
+                    if should_skip_dir(&name) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    let child = dir.open_child_dir(&entry, &full_path)?;
+                    let child_meta_path = full_path.join("meta.json");
+                    if child.has_regular_child(OsStr::new("meta.json"), &child_meta_path)? {
+                        dirs.push(verify_and_load_at(&full_path, &child, tracker)?);
+                    } else {
+                        dirs.push(build_node_at(&full_path, &child, tracker)?);
+                    }
+                }
+                EntryKind::RegularFile => {
+                    if should_skip_file(&name) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    let file_size = stat_size(&entry.stat);
+                    tracker.start_file(file_size, &name);
+
+                    let file = dir.open_child_file(&entry, &full_path)?;
+                    let on_bytes = tracker.bytes_callback();
+                    let on_iop = tracker.iop_callback();
+                    let meta =
+                        FileMeta::from_open_file_with_callback(&full_path, file, on_bytes, on_iop)?;
+                    files.push(meta);
+                    tracker.finish_file();
+                }
+                EntryKind::Other => {
+                    if !should_skip_file(&name) {
+                        return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是文件", full_path.display()));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(DirSnapshot {
+            dir_name,
+            dirs,
+            files,
+            v: None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn verify_and_load_at(
+        path: &Path,
+        dir: &DirHandle,
+        tracker: &ProgressTracker,
+    ) -> Result<DirSnapshot> {
+        let meta_name = OsStr::new("meta.json");
+        let meta_path = path.join(meta_name);
+        let Some(meta_stat) = dir.stat_child(meta_name, &meta_path)? else {
+            return build_node_at(path, dir, tracker);
+        };
+        let meta_entry = DirEntryInfo {
+            name: meta_name.to_os_string(),
+            stat: meta_stat,
+        };
+        let meta_file = dir.open_child_file(&meta_entry, &meta_path)?;
+        let mut snapshot: DirSnapshot = serde_json::from_reader(meta_file)
+            .with_context(|| format!("无法解析: {}", meta_path.display()))?;
+
+        let mut stored = snapshot.collect_file_map(path);
+        let mut current = BTreeMap::new();
+        walk_dir_with_progress_at(path, dir, &mut current, tracker)?;
+
+        for (file_path, hash) in current {
+            if let Some(meta) = stored.remove(&file_path) {
+                if hash != meta.xxh128 {
+                    return Err(anyhow!(
+                        "校验失败: {}\n  期望: {}\n  当前: {}",
+                        file_path.display(),
+                        meta.xxh128,
+                        hash
+                    ));
+                }
+            } else {
+                return Err(anyhow!("文件新增: {}", file_path.display()));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if let Some((missing_path, _)) = stored.into_iter().next() {
+            return Err(anyhow!("文件缺失: {}", missing_path.display()));
+        }
+
+        let msg = format!("✓ 校验通过: {}", path.display());
+        if let Some(multi) = tracker.multi() {
+            multi.suspend(|| {
+                eprintln!("{msg}");
+            });
+        } else {
+            eprintln!("{msg}");
+        }
+        snapshot.dir_name = path
+            .file_name()
+            .map(basename)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| path.to_string_lossy().to_string());
+        snapshot.v = None;
+        Ok(snapshot)
+    }
+
+    fn count_files_at(path: &Path, dir: &DirHandle, count: &mut u64) -> Result<()> {
+        for entry in dir.entries(path)? {
+            let name = entry.name.to_string_lossy().to_string();
+            let full_path = path.join(&entry.name);
+
+            match kind_from_mode(entry.stat.st_mode) {
+                EntryKind::Symlink => continue,
+                EntryKind::Directory => {
+                    if should_skip_dir(&name) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    let child = dir.open_child_dir(&entry, &full_path)?;
+                    count_files_at(&full_path, &child, count)?;
+                }
+                EntryKind::RegularFile => {
+                    if !should_skip_file(&name) {
+                        *count += 1;
+                    }
+                }
+                EntryKind::Other => {
+                    if !should_skip_file(&name) {
+                        return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是文件", full_path.display()));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn walk_dir_with_progress_at(
+        path: &Path,
+        dir: &DirHandle,
+        map: &mut BTreeMap<PathBuf, String>,
+        tracker: &ProgressTracker,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        for entry in dir.entries(path)? {
+            let name = entry.name.to_string_lossy().to_string();
+            let full_path = path.join(&entry.name);
+
+            match kind_from_mode(entry.stat.st_mode) {
+                EntryKind::Symlink => continue,
+                EntryKind::Directory => {
+                    if should_skip_dir(&name) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    let child = dir.open_child_dir(&entry, &full_path)?;
+                    walk_dir_with_progress_at(&full_path, &child, map, tracker)?;
+                }
+                EntryKind::RegularFile => {
+                    if should_skip_file(&name) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    let file_size = stat_size(&entry.stat);
+                    tracker.start_file(file_size, &name);
+
+                    let file = dir.open_child_file(&entry, &full_path)?;
+                    let on_bytes = tracker.bytes_callback();
+                    let on_iop = tracker.iop_callback();
+                    let hash =
+                        calc_xxh128_from_file_with_callback(&full_path, file, on_bytes, on_iop)?;
+                    map.insert(full_path, hash);
+                    tracker.finish_file();
+                }
+                EntryKind::Other => {
+                    if !should_skip_file(&name) {
+                        return Err(anyhow!("{} 不是文件", full_path.display()));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn kind_from_mode(mode: libc::mode_t) -> EntryKind {
+        match mode & libc::S_IFMT as libc::mode_t {
+            value if value == libc::S_IFDIR as libc::mode_t => EntryKind::Directory,
+            value if value == libc::S_IFREG as libc::mode_t => EntryKind::RegularFile,
+            value if value == libc::S_IFLNK as libc::mode_t => EntryKind::Symlink,
+            _ => EntryKind::Other,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn stat_size(stat: &libc::stat) -> u64 {
+        if stat.st_size >= 0 {
+            stat.st_size as u64
+        } else {
+            0
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn stat_matches(info: &std::fs::Metadata, stat: &libc::stat) -> bool {
+        info.dev() == stat.st_dev as u64 && info.ino() == stat.st_ino
+    }
+
+    fn dir_open_flags() -> libc::c_int {
+        libc::O_RDONLY | libc::O_CLOEXEC | libc::O_DIRECTORY | libc::O_NOFOLLOW
+    }
+
+    fn file_open_flags() -> libc::c_int {
+        libc::O_RDONLY | libc::O_CLOEXEC | libc::O_NOFOLLOW
+    }
+
+    fn cstring_from_path(path: &Path) -> Result<CString> {
+        CString::new(path.as_os_str().as_bytes())
+            .with_context(|| format!("路径包含 NUL 字节: {}", path.display()))
+    }
+
+    fn cstring_from_os_str(value: &OsStr, path: &Path) -> Result<CString> {
+        CString::new(value.as_bytes())
+            .with_context(|| format!("路径包含 NUL 字节: {}", path.display()))
+    }
 }